KGB - State Security Committee USSR

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Background
KGB stands for Komitet Gosudarstvennoi Bezopasnoti or in a language we understand, Committee of State Security which was basically the security agency (equivalent to the CIA and FBI) of the Soviet Union or USSR. Its origins date to 1917 when Feliks Edmundovich created what would be the base of the agency. It wasn't autonomous straight away and for several years it belonged to different bodies and with a different name, until in 1954 it was officially announced the KGB would be separated, and lasted like that until 1991 when it was dissolved.

Organisation, Tasks and Fall
Being Russia's main intelligence agency, security agency and secret police, it protected the state from external and internal threats also gathering intelligence worldwide. With the headquarters situated at dom dva (house number two) in Moscow, the KGB was divided in 6 main directorates:

1. Intelligence in other nations

2. Counterintelligence & secret police

3. Military corps and border guards

4. Suppression of internal resistance

5. Electronic espionage

6. Protection of national facilities and leaders of the communist party.

Six different directorates six with different tasks:

1. Help to govern the Soviet Union involving foreign affairs and diminishing foreign threat.

2. Suppression of any type of resistance and ensuring economic efficiency.

3. Informing and protecting leaders of the party.

4. Criminal investigations, enforcing morals and punishments.

5. Secret operations

6. Propaganda.

Fall of the KGB - 1991

The agency dissolved because of the involvement of their leader at the time, Vladimir Kryuchkov, in the coup attempt to overthrow Mikhail Gorbachev, using many of the KGB resources to aid the cause. The fail attempt got Kryuchkov arrested and a new chairman by the name of Vadim Bakatin, was appointed in August 1991 and ordered the dismantle of the committee, and officially on November of that same year, the KGB ceased to exist, though it's legacy and successor Federalnaya Sluzhba Bezopasnosti or FSB still works today and it's extremely similar to what once was the most feared organisation in Europe.